Cyrus Cylinder

This clay cylinder from ~539 BCE records Cyrus of Persia's policy of returning deported peoples to their homelands and restoring their temples. While it doesn't mention Jews specifically, this is exactly the policy described in Ezra 1 when Cyrus decrees that Jews can return to Jerusalem and rebuild. Some people call it the first human rights declaration, which is a stretch, but it's still a huge deal for confirming the biblical return from exile.