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The monk who kicked off the Protestant Reformation by challenging the Catholic Church
A German theologian (1483-1546) who nailed his 95 Theses to a church door and changed Christianity forever. He championed salvation by faith alone, translated the Bible into German, and argued that Scripture — not the Pope — is the ultimate authority. He famously called the book of James 'an epistle of straw' because he thought it contradicted Paul's teaching on faith vs. works (though most scholars say they're complementary).