Hapharaim

Hapharaim ("two pits" or "two wells") was one of the sixteen cities of Issachar's tribal inheritance named in Joshua 19:19: "And Hapharaim, and Shion, and Anaharath." The town appears in the campaign list of Pharaoh Shishak inscribed at Karnak (10th century BCE) as "Haparuma" — confirming its existence as a substantial Late Bronze and Iron Age settlement in the Jezreel Valley. The site is identified with et-Taiyibeh or Khirbet el-Farriyeh on the northern edge of the Jezreel Valley, where the strategic crossroads between Galilee and the Mediterranean coast made it a frequent target of foreign campaigns.